Wednesday, May 6, 2020
The Little Albert Experiment by John Watson and Rosalie...
The Little Albert experiment has become a widely known case study that is continuously discussed by a large number of psychology professionals. In 1920, behaviorist John Watson and his assistant Rosalie Rayner began to conduct one of the first experiments done with a child. Stability played a major factor in choosing Albert for this case study, as Watson wanted to ensure that they would do as little harm as possible during the experiment. Watsonââ¬â¢s method of choice for this experiment was to use principles of classic conditioning to create a stimulus in children that would result in fear. Since Watson wanted to condition Albert, a variety of objects were used that would otherwise not scare him. These objects included a white rat, blocks, aâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦This occurrence between the rat and the bar showed that the dual stimulations the week prior had a lasting effect on Albert. In his case study, Watson explained that the stimulations were given to get a complete reaction from Albert. The response from the stimulations ââ¬Å"was as convincing a case of a completely conditioned fear response as could have been theoretically picturedâ⬠(Watson, 1920, pp. 314). Every time the rat was joined with the loud sound (dual stimulation), Albert gave the same complete negative reaction. In the experiment, pairing the rat and noise caused by the hammer striking the bar, play the role of unconditioned stimulus (US), conditioned stimulus (CS) and conditioned response (CR). Introducing Albert to the loud sound of hammering the bar is measured as the unconditioned stimulus. The loud sound is something that Albert is not accustomed to, so the response is unlearned. Conditioned stimulus occurred when Albert was continuously introduced to the rat alone. Since Albert experienced the rat at the same the bar was hammered, he has learned to associate the rate with the sound of the bar (US). Albertââ¬â¢s conditioned response in the experiment transpired wh en he was able to perform the same behavior when he was presented with the rat (CS) over and over. After Watson was able to condition a fear response in Albert for one object, he wanted to know if the response was carried over.Show MoreRelatedThe Little Albert Experiment By John B. Watson And Rosalie Rayner956 Words à |à 4 PagesThe ââ¬ËLittle Albertââ¬â¢ experiment was a psychological experiment conducted by John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner. This experiment was inspired by Ivan Pavlovââ¬â¢s experiment ââ¬ËPavlovââ¬â¢s dogââ¬â¢ which studied the conditioning process in dogs. The Little Albert experiment was created to bring Pavlovââ¬â¢s research further to show how emotional reactions could be classically conditioned in people. In the experiment, Little Albert was presented with various animals including a rabbit, a monkey, and a white rat as wellRead MoreRosalie Raynor958 Words à |à 4 PagesRosalie Rayner Women in Psychology Mark Suarez University of Phoenix History and Systems of Psychology Cheri Meadowlark April 29, 2013 Rosalie Rayner Watson was John Watsonââ¬â¢s second wife. She assisted her husband in the development of applied behavioral psychology. Not only did she co-author the seminal paper on conditioned emotional reactions, she also assisted Watson in preparing the most popular child care book of the time (Duke, 1989). For these reasons she can be recognized asRead MoreJohn Broadus Watson : The Son Of Emma And Pickens Watson1007 Words à |à 5 PagesJohn Broadus Watson was born near Greenville, South Carolina on January 9, 1878. He was the son of Emma and Pickens Watson. In the year 1891, John and the rest of his family was left behind by his father, complicating everything. Given the situations that his family was very poor, everything then became different for them. Since his father left his family, Watson held a long-life resentment towards him. He had hatred told his father for a long time for abandoning him. As a young child, John BroadusRead MoreBiography Of John Watson s Littl e Albert 2065 Words à |à 9 PagesIn the 1920s, American psychologist John Watson coined a novel movement of psychology known as behaviorism (Gluck, Mercado, Myers, 2011). ââ¬Å"Inspired by the works of prominent psychologists Ivan Pavlov and Edward Thorndike, behaviorism is a discipline of psychology that places its focus on observable behaviors rather than internal consciousnessâ⬠. Stemming off Pavlovââ¬â¢s earlier research, Watsonââ¬â¢s experiment ââ¬Å"Little Albertâ⬠could be considered one of his greatest psychological advancements in behavioralRead MoreThe Little Albert Experiment Of Classical Conditioning1245 Words à |à 5 PagesThe Little Albert Experiment In 1920, behaviorist John B. Watson and his graduate student Rosalie Rayner wanted to study classical conditioning in people. Classical conditioning is when two stimuli are paired and produce an effect off of the second stimulus, but eventually produce the same effect with the first stimulus individually. Watson believed they were capable of furthering psychologist Ivan Pavlovââ¬â¢s research on conditioning dogs to conditioning humans. Watson was a professor at John HopkinsRead MoreCritical Thinking Skills And The Little Albert Episode1035 Words à |à 5 PagesThinking Skills and the Little Albert Episode Ethics remains unavoidable in most disciplines, and psychology is no exception. John Watsonââ¬â¢s experiment deserves the current criticism because it failed to observe informed consent and protection from harm principle. The controversy arises from the principle of beneficence and non-maleficence. The principle requires psychologists, in this case, John Watson, and his student to benefit and care for his subjects. During the Experiment, Albert was nine-months-oldRead MoreThe Little Albert Experiment696 Words à |à 3 Pages The Little Albert experiment has become a famous case study that has been discussed by a plethora of professionals in the psychology industry. In 1920, behaviorist John Watson and his assistant Rosalie Rayner began to conduct the first experiment that had been done with a child. Watson and Rayner chose Albert because they thought he was stable; he was accustomed to a hospital environment due to his motherââ¬â¢s career as a wet nurse, he was healthy and sh owed little emotion. Stability played a majorRead MoreJohn B. Watson Behavioral Psychology Part 21415 Words à |à 6 Pagesof human consciousness and uncontrollable thoughts and behaviors did not easily explain any of the traumas that the American people had just lived through. In1919, a year after World War I ended, John Watson published his work, ââ¬Å"Psychology from the Standpoint of a Behavioristâ⬠. In this book, Watson elaborated on his behaviorist ideas of psychology, specifically focusing on the prediction of behavior and our ability to control behaviors. This idea of prediction and control was much more scientificallyRead MoreThe Theory Of Classical Conditioning1360 Words à |à 6 Pagessound alone would produce salivation. ââ¬Å"Little Albertâ⬠, an infant that belonged to a wet nurse at the Harriet Lane Home was experimented on by John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner. Watson and Rayner claim that ââ¬Å"Little Albertâ⬠was a healthy, unemotional, and stable child. The experiment began with the introduction of a white rat, which alone, produced no fear response. At 11 months and 3 days, the rat was paired with a loud noise. The loud noise frightened ââ¬Å"Little Albertâ⬠. He began to associate the fear heRead MoreJohn B. Watson s Theory Of Psychology1048 Words à |à 5 PagesJohn B. Watson was a great American psychologist whose theories, publications, and experiments had an enduring influence on psychology. Possibly his biggest contributions to psychology were his theory of behaviorism and his experiment on Little Albert. Though Watsonââ¬â¢s experiments were extremely unethical and behaviorism doesnââ¬â¢t account for biological psychology, Watson was an extremely remarkable psychologist because of his principal of behaviorism and his findings on classical conditioning. Background
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